ABSTRACT
Alterações na articulação emporomandibular (ATM) comumente geram desequilíbrios musculares que estão associados à alterações no tecido ósseo. Esta articulação pode sofrer a influência de traumas, fatores congênitos ou desordens de crescimento. Estudos sobre alterações de crescimento do complexo maxilomandibular decorrentes de problemas da ATM são escassos. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar por meio da microtomografia os efeitos da remoção do disco articular e a remoção conjugada do disco e cartilagem articular no crescimento e na microarquitetura óssea da mandíbula de ratos. Trinta ratos da raça Wistar com um mês de idade foram divididos em três grupos: CTR (controle operado); RD (remoção de disco articular) e RDC (remoção conjugada do disco e cartilagem articular). Apenas o lado direito foi operado; o lado esquerdo permaneceu intacto. Após dois meses de acompanhamento, os ratos foram sacrificados e as hemimandíbulas escaneadas em microtomógrafo A remoção do disco articular e a remoção conjugada do disco e cartilagem articular alteram o volume e microestrutura do osso trabecular da mandíbula de ratos jovens. Estas duas intervenções provocaram uma queda na qualidade de parâmetros da microestrutura do trabeculado do processo angular e diminuição do crescimento da hemimandíbula do lado operado.
Changes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) lead to muscle dysfunctions that are associated with bone changes. This joint region can be influenced by trauma, congenital factors or growth disorders. Studies linking TMJ problems and growth alterations are scarce. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the articular disc removal or articular disc and cartilage removal on the bone microarchitecture and mandibular growth of young rats. Thirty Wistar rats (one month old) were divided into three groups: CTR (sham operated); RD (disc removal) and RDC (disc and cartilage removal). Only the right side was operated, keeping the left side intact. After two months, the rats were sacrificed and the mandibles scanned on micro-CT for quantitative analysis. Some microstructural parameters were altered by the disc removal or disc and cartilage removal. The right side presented lower growth than the left side.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Temporomandibular Joint/abnormalities , Temporomandibular Joint/growth & development , Temporomandibular Joint/injuries , Temporomandibular Joint/metabolism , Cartilage, Articular/growth & development , Growth and Development , Tomography/adverse effects , Tomography/instrumentation , Tomography/methodsABSTRACT
A sprained ankle is a common musculoskeletal sports injury and it is often treated by immobilization of the joint. Despite the beneficial effects of this therapeutic measure, the high prevalence of residual symptoms affects the quality of life, and remobilization of the joint can reverse this situation. The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of immobilization and remobilization on the ankle joint of Wistar rats. Eighteen male rats had their right hindlimb immobilized for 15 days, and were divided into the following groups: G1, immobilized; G2, remobilized freely for 14 days; and G3, remobilized by swimming and jumping in water for 14 days, performed on alternate days, with progression of time and a series of exercises. The contralateral limb was the control. After the experimental period, the ankle joints were processed for microscopic analysis. Histomorphometry did not show any significant differences between the control and immobilized/remobilized groups and members, in terms of number of chondrocytes and thickness of the articular cartilage of the tibia and talus. Morphological analysis of animals from G1 showed significant degenerative lesions in the talus, such as exposure of the subchondral bone, flocculation, and cracks between the anterior and mid-regions of the articular cartilage and the synovial membrane. Remobilization by therapeutic exercise in water led to recovery in the articular cartilage and synovial membrane of the ankle joint when compared with free remobilization, and it was shown to be an effective therapeutic measure in the recovery of the ankle joint.
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Ankle Injuries/pathology , Cartilage, Articular/pathology , Immobilization/adverse effects , Synovial Membrane/pathology , Ankle Injuries/therapy , Body Weight , Cartilage, Articular/growth & development , Chondrocytes/cytology , Early Ambulation , Rats, Wistar , Sprains and Strains/therapy , Swimming/physiology , Time Factors , Tarsal Joints/pathology , Weight LossABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The growth plate consists of organized hyaline cartilage and serves as a scaffold for endochondral ossification, a process that mediates longitudinal bone growth. Based on evidence showing that the oral administration of glucosamine sulfate (GS) and/or chondroitin sulfate (CS) is clinically valuable for the treatment of compromised articular cartilage, the current study evaluated the effects of these molecules on the tibial epiphyseal growth plate in female rats. METHOD: The animals were divided into two control groups, including vehicle treatment for 45 days (GC45) and 60 days (GC60) and six ovariectomized (OVX) groups, including vehicle treatment for 45 days (GV45), GS for 45 days (GE45GS), GS+CS for 45 days (GE45GS+CS), vehicle for 60 days (GV60), GS for 60 days (GE60GS) and GS+CS for 60 days (GE60GS+CS). At the end of treatment, the tibias were dissected, decalcified and processed for paraffin embedding. Morphological and morphometric methods were employed for analyzing the distal tibial growth plates using picrosirius red staining and the samples were processed for histochemical hyaluronan detection. Morphometric analyses were performed using the 6.0ProPlus¯ Image system. RESULTS: Notably, after 60 days of treatment, the number of proliferative chondrocytes increased two-fold, the percentage of remaining cartilage increased ...
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Cartilage, Articular/drug effects , Chondroitin Sulfates/pharmacology , Glucosamine/pharmacology , Growth Plate/drug effects , Ovariectomy , Osteogenesis/drug effects , Tibia/drug effects , Analysis of Variance , Cartilage, Articular/growth & development , Drug Therapy, Combination , Hyaluronic Acid/analysis , Immunohistochemistry , Random Allocation , Reproducibility of Results , Time Factors , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Culture media supplemented with animal serum e.g. fetal bovine serum; FBS is commonly used for human culture expansion. However, for clinical application, FBS is restricted as its carry a risk of viral or prion transmission. Engineering autologous cartilage with autologous human serum supplementation is seen as a better solution to reduce the risk of transmitting infectious diseases and immune rejection during cartilage transplantation. The purpose of this study is to establish and compare the effects of 10% autologous human serum (AHS) and 10% FBS on the growth of chondrocytes and the formation of tissue engineered human articular cartilage.
Subject(s)
Cartilage, Articular/growth & development , Cartilage, Articular/transplantation , Cell Count , Cell Division/physiology , Chondrocytes/cytology , Culture Media , Serum , Tissue EngineeringABSTRACT
O objetivo foi verificar a expressão de IGFBP-3, 4, 5 e 6 na cartilagem do côndilo mandibular de ratos machos no desenvolvimento e com o aparelho propulsor da mandíbula. O grupo controle demonstrou um aumento gradativo da expressão protéica de todas as IGFBPs. Com o uso do aparelho apenas IGFBP-3 e 6 apresentaram um decréscimo de sua expressão no estágio inicial existindo uma modulação na expressão de todas as IGFBPs no estágio tardio do experimento. Estes fatos sugerem que estes peptídeos estão envolvidos na adaptação mandibular durante a terapia./The aim of this study was to verify the expression of IGFBP-3, 4, 5 and 6 in the condylar cartilage developing male rats and with mandibular propulsive appliance. The control group showed an increasing in the protein expression of all IGFBPs. With the appliance use IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-6 expression decreased in the early stage and there was a modulation in the expression of all IGFBPs and IGFs on the later stage of the treatment. This fact suggests that those peptides are involved in the mandibular adaptation during this therapy...
Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Mandibular Advancement/methods , Cartilage, Articular/growth & development , Temporomandibular Joint , Mandibular Condyle/growth & development , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I , Insulin-Like Growth Factor II , Rats, Wistar , Tensile StrengthABSTRACT
Paciente de 9 años, se presenta a la consulta con laterodesviación mandibular, debido a la falta del cóndilo derecho que fue extirpado como actitud terapéutica por un accidente del cuello de éste. El tratamiento se realiza con aparatología ortopédica funcional y al cabo de 3 años se logra, funcionalmente, que la mandíbula recupere la céntrica en sus movientos de apertura y de cierre. Se observa un crecimiento de tejido que asemeja una formación condílea. Se realizan estudios para comprobar los mecanismos compensatorios que se lograron para un funcionamiento cercano a lo normal